Geography of the Big Mac Essay Example for Free

Topography of the Big Mac Essay McDonalds has been around since 1940, when it was made by Nick and Mac McDonald in Bernardino, California. From that point forward McDonalds has just developed far and wide in prominence and business. There are as of now in excess of 33 thousand eateries around the globe in 119 nations. The chain has astoundingly gone structure offering only a couple of things on its menu to a wide scope of over a 145 different things on its menu. Obviously McDonalds has installed itself inside the world’s society. The way McDonalds maintains its business has a wide range of parts. These various things incorporate topography of an area, Weber’s model, advancement, and mass utilization. One of McDonald’s best things on its menu is the large macintosh. Overall it is known for its flavor; in any case, many don't see how that burger gets to them. The fixings are not just gotten up nearby store, yet transported across miles of land and ocean. There are a wide range of variables for why this occurs. The three primary explanations behind why this happens are because of topography, weber’s model, and improvement. Geology assumes a major job in where things develop for example on the off chance that one ganders at the United States corn develops better in the Midwest. This at that point influences what ranchers will develop in a specific atmosphere, since they have to address the issues of the plant they are developing. This example is found in Europe with the fixings expected to make a major macintosh and to a great extent influences where certain spots get certain things. The buns used to make a major macintosh are created in Germany, America, and Canada. The atmosphere in Germany is a moderate atmosphere with a decent measure of downpour consistently. This makes it a perfect spot to develop wheat which needs the atmosphere to be mellow and not very virus. There are additionally numerous spots all through the United States and Canada that arrange as this atmosphere. The pickles are should have been brought up in a warm air. This is the reason the pickles for the enormous macintosh are developed in Spain and Turkey. Spain has a Mediterranean atmosphere with dry summers and moderately warm winters, and Turkey has blistering and dry summers and gentle winters. The meat is supported in Ireland. This is for the most part because of the way that Ireland has inconsistent climate that isn't really terrific for developing harvests. This implies they are not losing cash by not planting a harvest yet utilizing the land rather is utilized for steers farming. The dairy ranchers regularly need a cool atmosphere to run their homesteads. This connects with the way that Germany and Ireland are the providers for the enormous mac’s cheddar in the United Kingdom. The two atmospheres have moderately cool climates nearly all year. The lettuce for the enormous is developed in Spain because of the way that it needs a warm atmosphere to develop in. The keep going thing on the large macintosh is the onions and these are found in Holland. Holland has cool summers and gentle winters which make it the ideal spot to develop onions. Onions need temperatures to be at a fair compromise among hot and cold for them to develop well. These spots and things developed are legitimately identified with the McDonalds in the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom gets the entirety of its elements for its huge macintosh from various nations. The explanation they do this can be portrayed by Weber’s model. Weber’s model focuses on three fundamental thoughts, for example, transportation, work, and agglomeration. Transportation in today’s current world is quick and modest implying that it is a reasonable choice to deliver items to various areas that might be far away. The way that there is modest transportation makes it simpler for nations, for example, the U. K. , to get items that they don't have the ability of developing also. Work is a substantially more significant part of Weber’s model today. This piece of the model is named the most costing piece of an association. This implies organizations will search for a less expensive work pool. The U. K. follows this example generally. The United Kingdom has a lowest pay permitted by law of $9. 83 in U. S. dollars. A portion of the primary providers for the things in the enormous macintosh for the U. K.are Germany, America, Canada, Turkey, and Spain. These spots have to a lesser degree a lowest pay permitted by law prerequisite than the United Kingdom. This implies it is less expensive for the United Kingdom to pay laborers in different nations to develop their items as opposed to develop them in their own nation. Finally, there is the matter of agglomeration. Agglomeration is regularly when organizations that produce a similar item situate around one another to receive a type of reward. This straightforwardly identifies with every one of the 1,200 McDonalds in the United Kingdom. A large number of these eateries are situated around other cheap food chains. The primary thought behind this is to possibly take costumers from other drive-thru eateries. McDonalds can likewise profit by other inexpensive food chains commercials on the off chance that they are situated close to them. McDonalds will in general represent advancement in nations. Each created nation on the planet for all intents and purposes has a McDonalds. A great many people credit McDonalds for being the trend-setter of the improvement of the cheap food industry. The natural way of life has built up a very much oiled machine for making similar items. They have individuals situated at specific regions to do explicit occupations, for example, barbecuing burgers, including dressing, broiling fries, getting some R&R, and cashiering. This may sound like another model that brought forth the car business. This model being the Ford model. Portage was the first to build up a mechanical production system, which fundamentally gave laborers a particular activity that they just did. This augmented creation for Ford made it so they could deliver vehicles in an increasingly effective time span bringing down costs. Because of the way that McDonalds maintains their business like Ford’s is the motivation behind why their costs are so reasonable. Various organizations have molded their organizations around McDonalds. This is the reason there are such a significant number of various kinds of inexpensive food chains. Since there are such a significant number of McDonalds overall there will undoubtedly be negative reactions fixating on the issue of utilization. McDonald’s food is exceptionally high in sodium and fats. This sort of food isn't solid for the normal person’s diet. This implies the food purchasers are devouring at McDonalds can add to heftiness on the off chance that they eat there too as often as possible. The heftiness rate in the United States is 35. 7% all things considered. These insights show that corpulence is an immense issue. There is right now 550 million major macintoshes sold in the United States every year. This is certainly not an exceptionally sound item. The way that such a significant number of individuals are purchasing and eating it could add to their undesirable weight. There is likewise a matter of how much virtual water is utilized to make the meat patty in a major macintosh. There is 4-18 thousand gallons of water utilized per hamburger patty in a major macintosh. The explanation this number is so high is because of the way that it takes a ton of water to develop grain for dairy animals to eat and bovines drink a ton of water. Water appears to be a substance that can be found spontaneously. Nonetheless, it is really a moderately hard thing to discover. For example, individuals around Texas are really mining water. They are mining in the Ogallala Aquifer which is fundamentally a gigantic underground gracefully of water. The way that individuals have to mine water just adds to the way that there isn't a plenteous add up to be squandered like is being seen on the creation of a meat patty. There is additionally the issue with the possibility that the more McDonalds that are produced in specific territories there is to a lesser degree a culture in zones. This is the possibility of placelessness. Territories lose their own way of life because of the way that everything begins to appear to be identical. The more interest for McDonalds implies more stores and to a lesser extent a social foundation in places.

Why Smart Companies Do Dumb Things Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Why Smart Companies Do Dumb Things - Essay Example The craving to remain in front of Pepsi and to have the option to meet the flavor of what Pepsi produces made the procedure of New Coke convincing to the officials of Coca Cola. In the mid 80’s coke lost its piece of the pie to its adversary Pepsi by two offer focuses which spoke to about $960million deals of Coke creation. Coke genuine showcasing issue was its ad and not its item. With an adjustment in the soda pop shopper showcase, coke couldn't coordinate with the manner of thinking with its ads advertisements. Coca Cola had lost age of youngsters with its flat promoting style. Coke promoting had a dull look and feel in contrast with Pepsi. Coke didn't have any pertinent explanation for the young in the 80’s. It was being situated as a drink favored by senior residents in contrast with Pepsi promotions which focused the adolescents. Therefore the organization didn't give any consideration in improving the promoting fairly centered around the item as showcasing issue. Coke promoting methodology was done coordinating with the adolescent culture. Coke had looked into each number and projection before the dispatch of its New Coke and the figures were precise yet it mis-leaded the organization as it permitted the organization to pursue an inappropriate issue. The issue was in commercial methodology the administrators believed it to be the item. The official of Coke became really excited with delicate and crazy numbers. It disregarded the issue that affected the nature of the numbers, for example, inquire about plan, issue definition, how to pose inquiries and the expository aptitudes which assisted with interpretting the significance of the numbers. Numbers have consistently been acknowledged happily thus did New Coke before its dispatch. New Coke showcasing research needed legitimacy as it didn't convey to its purchaser that its lead image would be supplanted with new better item and its examination was one dimensional. It was based uniquely in taste testing which occurred at focal areas and was

management - 3

Organisational Structure And Nursing Leadership/management - 3 Organisational Structure And Nursing Leadership/management â€" Essay Example > Introduction Each organization has its own type of organization structure; an organization structure of an organization is determined normally by the size of the organization and the type of service and products the organization deals in. The type of leadership style of the organization is also another factor that determines the structure of the organization. Hatch (1993) describes organization structure as the manner in which an organization is organized in relation to management. He further notes that, organizational structure highly determines the performance and success of an organization. It has been noted that, most organizations collapses because of poor organization structure that fail to reflect the goals and objectives of those organizations. Health care organizationThis study paper is going to examine St Mary’s Medical Centre, and explore its organization structure mission’s values and visions of the hospital. The paper will also examine the culture and climate or t he organization and how it affects communication, leadership and nursing delivery services. St Mary’s Medical Centre is a medical centre sponsored by Sisters of Mercy and also Catholic Healthcare West. The medical centre was established in 1857, currently it is among the biggest not-for-profit, community â€" based medical care providers in Northern California. The hospital has 403 beds and has more than 500 physicians on its staff. The hospital is reputed for quality, patient satisfaction, and personalized care and outstanding clinical outcomes. (St Mary’s, 2007)Missions of the hospital The hospital is committed to the following missions; Delivering empathetic, best-quality and inexpensive health care servicesOffering service and advocating for those who are poor disenfranchised Collaborating with other within the community to enhance the quality of life(St (Mary’s, 2007)Vision The vision of the hospital is to have; A developing a diverse health care ministry reputed for high quality and devoted to increasing access to those in need. (St Mary’s, 2007)ValuesSt Mary’s Medical Centre is devoted to provide best â€"quality, inexpensive health care. The hospital value; Dignity; respecting the worth and value of each individualCollaboration; working in partnership with those who support similar values and have same vision to attain shared goalsJustice; campaigning for social changes in ways which promote respect for allStewardship; to cultivate resources of the hospital to enhance healing and totalityExcellence; surpassing expectations through innovation and teamwork (St Mary’s, 2007)Organizational chart of St Mary’s hospital medical centre The type of organizational structure of St Mary’s Medical Centre The hospital organizational structure is a hierarchical type; this type of structure allows dividing the organizational in to smaller divisions that are managed by various managers who have a number of employees reporting directly to the specific ma nagers. Burrell Morgan (1979), states that this kind of organizational structure is more effective and well defined in terms of leadership ladder. The roles and duties of each manager are well set and the structure gives its employees a great chance of developing professionalism in as one of the key missions of the hospital and also ensures better service delivery to the patients. (Burrell Morgan, 1979)

My Brain Is The Command Center Essay - 1162 Words

Your brain is the command center to your existential being. Seriously sensitive, and very important. Functioning as to coordinating sensation, intellectual thought, and nervous activity. It is one of the most complex and fascinating structures in this entire universe. It determines everything about you. The slightest mishap can have a dramatic effect on your body and mind. Depending on the situation it can change the little perfect angel you know and love into a merciless, raging, psychopath. To even begin to understand where this should come from you need to look into the physical factors. Besides as the saying goes, â€Å"Everything psychological is simultaneously biological.† The brain is composed of over 100 billion neurons, and can be anywhere from 1,000 to 10,000 synapses for each individual neuron. Synapses are junctions between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter. There are three main parts of your brain. The forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. The forebrain is the anterior part of the brain that consists of the two cerebral hemispheres, the hypothalamus, and the thalamus. It is the largest part of the brain out of the three. The structures of the forebrain include the hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, limbic system, pituitary gland, and olfactory bulb. It is responsible for an array of functions but generally it receives and processes sensory information, thinking, apprehending, assembling,Show MoreRelatedThe Mind Is Not Only Inside Of Us1185 Words   |  5 Pagesa concept comfortable to them, lacking in accuracy and sticking to their comfort zone. Several scientists keep on describing the mind as a brain activity. Yet, according to Dr. Siegel, that definition is completely erroneous. The mind is the â€Å"way you have a mental attitude about the way your body feels†¦consciousness with subjective experience†¦related to brain, body, and relationship† S iegel explained. The mind can create resilience with energy. If someone can notice the manner the body responds toRead MoreWhere Is Daniel Dennett (the Road)977 Words   |  4 Pagesmission presumably during the cold war, he was required to have his brain removed. Dennett had to have his brain removed in order to extract a warhead buried a mile beneath Tulsa, Oklahoma. With his brain removed from his body, though still connected and in total control of his body through radio transmitters, he asked one simple question. Where am I? Though at first most people would say, Dennett is where he stands and his brain is now controlling him externally instead of internally. Sure thisRead MoreHow Gender Affects Us Psychologically1096 Words   |  5 Pagesmarried, have kids, amongst many other things. But are we dramatically different from each other? Some would say yes automatically based on things like, â€Å"he’s not sensitive enough† or â€Å"she talks to much†. But stereotypes aside, are we more similar? My theory is that yes we are more similar than different. The research out there even supports the idea. From the American Psychological association, it tells us about Psychologist Janet Shibley Hyde, PhD, of the University of Wisconsin in Madison. BackRead MoreDuring The Course Of This Class, We Identified Organized1301 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout the world to include the Unites States and our southern neighbor, Mexico. Narcotics trafficking, prostitution, extortion, and murder are a huge part of the illegal activities controlled by these various groups. For this particular project, my focus will be on the organized crime group identified as Los Zetas. In the journal, Small Wars and Insurgencies, I read an article written by Lisa J. Campbell about Los Zetas. The article, Los Zetas: Operational Assessment, discussed the details ofRead MoreDouble Canopy, And Decision Making At My Level993 Words   |  4 PagesMy or my past organizations are generally the same as Triple Canopy, and decision making at my level is left to the discretion of the force protection specialist, the personal security officer, and DOD guard. â€Å"If† you cannot make a decision at the individual level with the appropriate judgement, analytical skills or sound reasoning then you don’t belong in the business. Decisions are based on personal experiences, policies, procedures, protocol, operation instructions, individual training or warningRead MoreWhat is the Definition of True Love? Essay1328 Words   |  6 PagesI wanna love you and treat you right; I wanna love you every day and every night: Well be together with a roof right over our heads; Wel l share the shelter of my single bed; Well share the same room, yeah! - for Jah provide the bread. Is this love - is this love - is this love - Is this love that Im feelin?--- Bob Marley. Bob Marley wrote and sang about love just like hundreds of people before him. His idea of true love was sharing with someone in orderRead MoreThe Psychological Disorder Of Schizophrenia Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagespsychological ailments, and to assist people know what to do if a loved one identifies extremities in the manifestation of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia being a serious brain disorder affecting how people think, behave and act prompted me to research on the possible causes of attack, expression of the disease and the population at risk. My research is also aimed at unearthing the common misconceptions about Schizophrenia. Victims of Schizophrenia may find it difficult to differentiate between truth andRead MoreThe Balker Essay1482 Words   |   6 Pageseyes lifeless when Fred opened them. Alex had just saved Freds life not 20 min ago but there was nothing Fred could do because the bullet when directly into Alexs skull. There was no saving Alex he was gone the only thing that was left were his brains scattered onto the ground and his lifeless body falling. This enraged Fred to his boiling point two people he cared about had died to the same people in less than 48 hours his anger caused him to go against everything he gut was telling him and steppedRead MoreForced Ranking in The Workforce Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pagescase about employee performance reviews is as Libby Sartain states, â€Å"there’s no magic process.† (Ivancevich, 2011) In my time as a corpsman in the Navy a ranking model of performance evaluations was utilized for advancement that is similar to that of forced ranking. My last pay grade in the Navy was that of E-5, so what this means is that I was ranked with other E-5 personnel in my specific directorate. As a radiologic technologist I fell under the same directorate as lab techs, surgical techs, pharmacyRead MoreNursing Case Study973 Words   |  4 PagesMy current area of practice is in the twenty-three-bed surgical intensive care unit (SICU) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC). It is a Level I trauma center and tertiary care center that provides some of the complex care in middle Tennessee. One major patient population frequently admitted to the SICU are patients diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is a complicated lung disorder that causes profound hypoxia. It is seen in up to 10% of critically ill patients

Informative Outline on Nuclear Energy - 1257 Words

Theatre Review Form ------------------------------------------------- Instructions ------------------------------------------------- 1. Your WOTA instructor will have provided you with details on the event and what they expect for proof of attendance. It would be a good idea to have this review form handy so that you know the questions you’ll be answering. Give yourself enough time to get seated and settled before the performance. ------------------------------------------------- 2. Do not try to write this review during the event, but you may want to jot down some impressions on the program (not on your phone or tablet) that will help you to flesh out your responses. You will certainly want to read program notes, and any†¦show more content†¦In the beginning of the play that is when everyone was gathered around one another getting to know each other. Everyone knew they were all there to come up with a plan to go down to Mississippi and protest for rights and justice. From what I remember I think this took place as if they were in a high school building that was rumored to be bombed. In the middle of the play is when the white girl from the rich college came to the school to go protest alongside the rest of the protesters. Also this was the part where the white girl and henry met and got to know one another a little more than protest partners. Then the drunk guy tried to convince the school girl that she should leave Henry alone and be with him. Hen ry ended up fighting the drunk because he had harassed the girl because she did not want to kiss him. The school girl started to follow Henry everywhere he went after that, she fell in love. Then one night Henry and the school girl go to a park or outside and the K.K.K. showed up out of the blue scaring the both of them away. A couple of scenes later Henry left to go down to Mississippi unannounced before the whole group was going to go down to protest. Henry ended up getting killed with some other blacks by the end of the play and then the trip ended up getting canceled because they lost courage to go down after some of their close friends were murdered. I feelShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech Template Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Outline Worksheet: Informative Speech Title: The Failure of Yucca Mountain Speaker: Michelle Hwang Specific Purpose: To explain the intended purpose of Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository, and the resulting failure of the project due to government inaction. Introduction I. Attention-getter: Imagine your old community swimming pool filled with trash. Now as time passes that trash just keeps accumulating; what would you do with that trash? 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These factors will allow more people than ever to have their needs met on the abun dance pyramid, a construct of the two authors inspired by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, whose foundation is water, food, and shelter, whose next level is energy, education, and ICT (information and communications technology), and whose final level consists of freedom and health. While they make the general prediction about things getting better for mankind, they tend to avoid making specific and concreteRead MoreEssay about Electricity Informative Speech2446 Words   |  10 PagesInformative Speech Outline I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Jane Brox said, â€Å"Time and task were both disorienting. For if you were to remove everything from our lives that depends on electricity to function, homes and offices would become no more than the chambers and passages of limestone caves†¦ simple shelter from wind and rain. No way to keep out cold, or heat, for long. No way to preserve food, or to cook it. 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GE is an industry powerhouse with business units in key industries such as Power and Water, Oil Gas, Energy, Aviation, Healthcare, Transportation, Home and Business Solutions and GE capital financials. They stay innovative by continuously reshaping their company to meet the needs of the changing global market. GE’s primary market has been manufactured hardwareRead MoreRobot Ethics and Ethical Issues5299 Words   |  22 Pagesthat definiti on, yet few roboticists would defend that implication. Certainly, artificial intelligence by itself can raise interesting issues, such as whether we ought to have humans in the loop more in critical systems, e.g., those controlling energy grids and making financial trades, lest we risk widespread blackouts and stock-market crashes. But robots or embodied AI that can directly exert influence on the world seem to pose additional or special risks and ethical quandaries we want to distinguishRead More50 Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods14312 Words   |  58 PagesEFFECTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) FOODS In a sentence This article outlines the many harmful effects of GM or genetically-modified foods (known also as genetically-engineered foods) and representng lab-created GMOs or genetically-modified organisms. By Nathan Batalion, ND We are confronted with what is undoubtedly the single most potent technology the world has ever known - more powerful even than atomic energy. Yet it is being released throughout our environment and deployed withRead MoreEngineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine59558 Words   |  239 PagesCatalytic Converters, 293 CI Engines, 301 Chemical Methods to Reduce Emissions, 303 Exhaust Gas Recycle-EGR, 304 Non-Exhaust Emissions, 307 Problems, 308 Design Problems, 311 312 10 HEAT TRANSFER IN ENGINES 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 Energy Distribution, 313 Engine Temperatures, 314 Heat Transfer in Intake System, 317 Heat Transfer in Combustion Chambers, 318 Heat Transfer in Exhaust System, 324 Effect of Engine Operating Variables on Heat Transfer, 327 10-7 Air Cooled Engines, 334 10-8Read MoreSSD2 Module 2 Notes Essay23331 Words   |  94 Pagesoperations as well. Examples of military operations include stability operations; civil support; foreign humanitarian assistance (FHA); recovery; noncombatant evacuation (NEO); peace operations (PO); combating WMD; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear consequence management; foreign internal defense (FID); counterdrug (CD) operations; combating terrorism; COIN; and homeland defense(HD). Joint functions are related capabilities and activities grouped together to help JFCs integrate, synchronize

Respiration and Photosynthesis Free Essays

â€Å"Respiration† and â€Å"Photosynthesis† All life depends on two chemical reactions â€Å"Respiration† and â€Å"Photosynthesis†. These two processes are quite crucial because they are a source to nearly all life on Earth. Both of these processes are quite similar yet differentiate vastly. We will write a custom essay sample on Respiration and Photosynthesis or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay I’ll be comparing and contrasting â€Å"Photosynthesis† and â€Å"Respiration†. I’ll start by discussing what actually happens in both these processes and how? Moving on to the energy transfers these processes go through and how these reactions relate to each other. Plants feed using a process called ‘Photosynthesis’. Photosynthesis is the chemical change which happens in the leaves of green plants. It’s the first step towards making food; not just for plants but ultimately every animal on the planet. During this reaction carbondioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. For this reaction to occur both carbon and nitrogen are absorbed from the roots as nitrate and so is carbon as carbondioxide from the air and it also needs energy as the reaction is endothermic, therefore the energy is ‘light’ from the sun. This is absorbed by a green substance called chlorophyll in the leaf. Therefore, photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts which are present in the palisade cells (found near the top of the leaf. ) (fig: 1 ) As chloroplasts contain a green pigment called chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy needed to make photosynthesis happen. The equation for this reaction is: 6CO2 + 6H2O+ light energy — C6H12O6 + 6O2 Sugars created in photosynthesis can be later converted by the plant to starch for storage, or it can be combined with other sugar molecules to form specialized carbohydrates such as cellulose, or it can be combined with other nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, to build complex molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Moreover, ‘respiration’ is reversibly related to photosynthesis because it takes in light energy and respiration gives out energy, which is used by the body as the glucose is converted into starch or stored. Oxygen is consumed unlike in photosynthesis, although in respiration energy is released in a more controlled and manageable way. During photosynthesis water and carbondioxide are chemically combined to make glucose and oxygen. The equation as follows: C6H12O6 + 6O2 — 6CO2 + 6H2O In addition, respiration and photosynthesis are both processes which depend on each other on a very wide scale. Fig: 2 explains this. (Fig: 2 ): Shows a cycle and how photosynthesis and respiration are dependent on each other. As the leaf produces oxygen through photosynthesis and then that oxygen is inhaled by an animal. Later, the animal breathes out carbondioxide, and that is then absorbed by the plants through leaves by the air, in order for respiration to happen; making this ongoing cycle continue. Though photosynthesis only takes place in leaves of plants (inside palisade cells) during the presence of light, respiration takes place in every living organism inside the mitochondria of the cell, with or without light being present or not. As all cells need energy through the sugar they made in their leaves; oxygen moves through diffusion through the plant from cell to cell. Any oxygen not used by the plant in respiration, leaves the plant through tiny holes under the leaf called stomata. That’s then part of the air we breathe, making the whole process start again. That’s how closely photosynthesis and respiration are linked to each other. Whilst, both respiration and photosynthesis are quite similar yet unlike at the same time. Respiration is a process by which energy is liberated. On the other hand photosynthesis is a procedure where energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules as in, photosynthesis is an anabolic (constructive) process, resulting in the building up of carbohydrate molecules. While in respiration a catabolic (destructive) process occurs, resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate molecules. So, respiration results in a loss in dry mass where photosynthesis is totally the opposite, it results in a gain in ordinary mass. Furthermore, there are enzymes involved in the process of respiration. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up a reaction. The organic compounds that are broken down are substrates. Glucose is the most common substrate. The general equation for respiration is: C6H12O6 + 6O2 — 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP During respiration, glucose undergoes glycolysis forming pyruvic acid. Glycolysis consists of nine separate chemical reactions, each catalysed by a specific enzyme. The key players in glycolysis are the enzymes ‘dehydrogenase’ and a coenzyme (a non-protein helper). So, in photosynthesis is catalysed by chlorophyll. To summarize, photosynthesis takes the raw ingredients of water, carbondioxide and uses light to make glucose and oxygen. Despite, respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbondioxide and water as waste products. Both these processes takes place in cells except respiration takes place in the mitochondria of a cell. Photosynthesis is catalysed by chlorophyll acting in concert with lipids or sugars, while in respiration ‘dehydrogenase’ is used. Nevertheless, photosynthesis and respiration both are a part of an ongoing cycle and work together in order for plants or animals to survive. How to cite Respiration and Photosynthesis, Papers

Management and Organizations in Global Structure

Question: Discuss about the Management and Organizations in Global Structure. Answer: Introduction: The organizational culture and the organizational structure play a key role in the overall management of any organization. If one of these systems is not managed in a proper way, then it can create a chaos in the whole organization and results in negated impact for not only the organization, but for all its stakeholders too. In the following parts, a discussion is carried on regarding the various aspects of the organizational culture, as well as, of the organizational structure. Organization culture is such a system which is comprised of shared beliefs, assumptions, and values, which govern the behavior of the people in any sort of organization. Such shared beliefs and values create a significant impact over the individuals who are associated with the organization, and helps in dictating the performance of their jobs, along with the manner in which they act or dress up (Alvesson, 2012). There are a variety of factors which affect the organizational culture. The most influential factor is the individuals who work in the organization. When an individual joins the organization, they not only bring the professional knowledge with them, but also bring their beliefs, traditions, assumptions, priorities, values, customs, behaviors and norms. For instance, when individuals are hired from defense background, they tend to bring discipline and strictness with them. Such discipline then forms a part of the culture of such organization. The gender of the employees is also a crucial factor. Along with the nature of the business, the objectives and goals of the organization, the associated external parties and clients, and the managements style of handling the employees also formulates the culture of an organization. To elucidate this further, the example of Walmart has been taken. The business activity of the company designs the organizational structure of Walmart and also imposes the limits over its business, in addition to determining the manner in which the problems are addressed by it. The organizational culture of Walmart has 4 key components, i.e., action with integrity, strive for excellence, service to customers, and respect for the individual. These components have been identified in the beliefs of Walmart and act as a guide for the behavior of its employees. (Walmart, 2016) The company has prioritized its customers in all of its operations (Walmart, 2016). Walmart has successfully recognized the contributions which have been made by its employees, which has contributed in its success. Walmart strives for the excellence in performance through the organization. Walmart also maintain its integrity by promoting honesty, impartiality and fairness while making the decisions. Even after all this, Walmart has, at numerous instances, been criticized for the failure to deal with the issues regarding the low pay of its employees and a bias for gender (Lichtenstein, 2011). This highlights the difference between the beliefs of Walmart, in the organizational culture, from the actual way in which the employees are treated. Hence, it is recommended to Walmart that it should implement such measures which are more effective and more successful in fulfilling the respect that each of its employees deserves, and also to each of the element of the organizational culture. An organization structure explains the manner in which the activities of supervision, work allocation and coordination are directed for the accomplishment of the goals of the organization. It consists of the hierarchical arrangement of the rights and duties, authorities, and communications of any organization. A proper organizational structure helps in knowing the chain of command, which could help in fixing the final responsibility. So, it acts as a guide for all the employees for the official reporting (Ingram, 2016). Further, information can be passed if a proper organizational structure is established and also enables the distribution of authority (Suttle, 2016). An organizational structure has six key elements and this includes work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, formalization, and centralization decentralization. In Walmart, each of the individuals has a separate job and the division of labor is done is a proper manner. The jobs are broken into steps and each step is done by a different person. Walmart has different departments, which deal with a specific department, for instance human resource department, operations departments, and marketing and sales department (Lombardo, 2015). Each manager has a specified number of employees under them in Walmart so that they can be controlled and a span of control is maintained. In Walmart, the managers lay down the responsibilities of each of the employee, in a written manner, so that the employees can know what has to be done, and hence, a formalization of structure is done. Walmart has a centralized system, where the mandates, as well as, directives come from the top levels and are implemented by the middle management, down each ranks and by the end employees (Lombardo, 2015). The organizational structure of Walmart has two key features, i.e., divisional or hierarchy and the functional based. The hierarchy based system relates to the vertical line of authority, as well as, command across the structure of the organization (Dudovskiy, 2016). Here, each of the employees has a superior, save for the CEO, and the orders come from the top level, which are then to be followed by the juniors. The function based organizational structure consists of the employees, divided in groups, which fulfill specific functions. In Walmart, the functions related to hiring, training, etc are carried on by the human resource management (Walmart, 2016). There are separate departments for the function of marketing and information technology. In short Walmart has a range of function based departments in its organization structure. Having a hierarchical functional organization structure, Walmart is easily able to influence its employees, and new policies or strategies can be easily passed down. Though, this brings with it the problem of flexibility and often, the lower levels are unable to adjust the business practices due to length communications, along with the approval process (Lombardo, 2015). So, it is recommended to Walmart to introduce some form of flexibility in its organizational structure so that the business practices can be adjusted in a quick manner. References Alvesson, M. 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